Local boards of health in Massachusetts are empowered by state law to perform many crucial and important duties relative to the protection of the public health, control of disease, promotion of sanitary living conditions and the protection of the environment from pollution. This includes performing restaurant, public pool and housing inspections as well as reviewing plans for private wells and septic systems and investigating nuisance complaints. Enforcement of state and local regulations regarding residential camps, refuse hauling, tobacco sales and body art establishments are also required.

The Dalton Board of Health has a regular monthly meeting the first Monday of the Month at 4PM at the Town Hall.